What Changes In England Allowed For Colonization In The 1600s

Conclusion: Growth and Development of the Colonies

The 17th and 18th centuries saw the unprecedented expansion of English language ability in Northward America, irresolute the landscape of the New Globe forever.

Learning Objectives

Summarize how the colonies developed over the 17th and 18th centuries

Central Takeaways

Key Points

• At the start of the 17th century, the English had not established a permanent settlement in the Americas; over the next century, however, they outpaced their French, Spanish, and Dutch rivals.
• Thousands of early English migrants arrived in the Chesapeake Bay colonies to work in the tobacco fields, while another stream of pious Puritan families established colonies throughout New England.
• By the mid-1700s, Great britain had developed into a commercial and military powerhouse; meanwhile, the population rose dramatically in Britain'due south North American colonies.
• As Europeans moved across exploration and into colonization of the Americas, they brought changes to most every attribute of the land and its people, from trade and hunting to warfare and disease.

Key Terms

• Puritans: A group of English language Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to reform the Church building of England from all Roman Catholic practices.
• Roanoke: An English language colony established in the late 16th century in what is today's North Carolina by Sir Walter Raleigh; also known as the Lost Colony because of the inhabitants' mysterious disappearance.

English Presence in the Americas

At the first of the 17th century, the English had not established a permanent settlement in the Americas. Over the next century, nonetheless, they outpaced their rivals. The English encouraged emigration far more the Castilian, French, or Dutch. They established nearly a dozen colonies, sending swarms of immigrants to populate the state. England had experienced a dramatic ascent in population in the 16th century, and the colonies appeared a welcoming place for those who faced overcrowding and grinding poverty at home.

Thousands of English migrants arrived in the Chesapeake Bay colonies of Virginia and Maryland to work in the tobacco fields. Another stream, this one of pious Puritan families, sought to live as they believed scripture demanded and established the Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Haven, Connecticut, and Rhode Isle colonies of New England.

Jamestown and Plymouth

After Roanoke Colony failed in 1587, the English constitute more success with the founding of Jamestown in 1607 and Plymouth in 1620. The two colonies were very different in origin. The Virginia Company of London founded Jamestown with the express purpose of making money for its investors, while Puritans founded Plymouth to practice their own make of Protestantism without interference. Both colonies battled difficult circumstances, including conflict with neighboring American Indian tribes as they invaded into their country. Conflicts flared repeatedly in the Chesapeake Bay tobacco colonies and in New England, where a massive insurgence against the English in 1675 to 1676—Rex Philip's State of war—near succeeded in driving the English intruders dorsum to the sea.

Colonial Growth and Expansion

The 18th century witnessed the nascency of United kingdom (subsequently the wedlock of England and Scotland in 1707) and the expansion of the British Empire. By the mid-1700s, Great Britain had adult into a commercial and military machine powerhouse; meanwhile, the population rose dramatically in Uk'due south Northward American colonies. In the early 1700s, the population in the colonies had reached 250,000; by 1750, over a million British migrants and African slaves had established a near-continuous zone of settlement on the Atlantic coast from Maine to Georgia. By the mid-18th century, the 13 original New England, Middle, Chesapeake, and Southern colonies had all been established.

In addition to wresting command of New York and New Bailiwick of jersey from the Dutch, King Charles II of England established the Carolinas and Pennsylvania as proprietary colonies. Each of these colonies added immensely to the empire, supplying appurtenances not produced in England, such as rice and indigo. These new colonies also contributed to the ascent in population in English language America as many thousands of Europeans fabricated their way to the colonies. Their numbers were further augmented past the forced migration of African slaves.

Effects of Colonization

As Europeans moved across exploration and into colonization of the Americas, they brought changes to nigh every attribute of the land and its people, from trade and hunting to warfare and personal belongings. European goods, ideas, and diseases shaped the changing continent.

Every bit Europeans established their colonies, their societies also became segmented and divided forth religious and racial lines. Most people in these societies were not free; they labored every bit indentured servants or slaves, doing the work required to produce wealth for others. By 1700, the American continent had get a place of stark contrasts betwixt slavery and liberty and between the haves and the accept-nots.

Slaves in the tobacco colonies: In this 1670 painting by an unknown artist, slaves work in tobacco-drying sheds.

The evolution of the Atlantic slave trade forever changed the class of European settlement in the Americas. Other transatlantic travelers, including diseases, goods, plants, animals, and even ideas like the concept of individual state buying, further influenced life in America during the 16th and 17th centuries. The exchange of pelts for European goods including copper kettles, knives, and guns played a pregnant part in changing the material cultures of American Indian peoples. During the 17th century, many American Indians tribes grew increasingly dependent on European trade items; at the same time, decease from the introduction of European diseases was widespread and devastated their populations.

Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ushistory/chapter/conclusion-growth-and-development-of-the-colonies/

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